PFAS Resources
The information below contains web resources maintained by government agencies, non-profit associations, academia, and industry groups related to PFAS and other contaminants of emerging concern.
For information on current government regulations, advisories, and guidance on PFAS, ASTSWMO recommends visiting ITRC's PFAS Website, which includes fact sheets and other guidance documents that are updated periodically.
ITRC Government Regulations, Advisories, Guidance - Fact Sheets and Tables
U.S. Government
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency - PFAS
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Control
U.S. Department of Defense - PFAS: A National Issue That Needs National Solutions
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
- CDC/ATSDR - PFAS and Your Health
- CDC/ATSDR: Toxic Substances Portal - Perfluoroalkyls
- FDA - PFAS
- NIEHS - PFAS
- NEIHS/National Toxicology Program - PFAS
Federal Aviation Administration - Aircraft Rescue and Fire Fighting (ARFF) News and Guidance
State and Territorial Government
Click on a blue state in the map below to view the resources for that state.
Local Government
City of Marinette, WI
Madison and Dane County, WI
Foreign Government
Europe
Australia
Canada
Other Public, Private, Industry
Associations and Non-Profits
Environmental Council of States (ECOS) - PFAS
Interstate Technology & Regulatory Council (ITRC) - PFAS
Association of Clean Water Administrators (ACWA) - PFAS Archives
Association of Public Health Laboratories (APHL) - PFAS
Association of State and Territorial Health Officials (ASTHO) - PFAS Search Result
Association of State Drinking Water Administrators (ASDWA) - PFAS
National Conference of State Legislatures (NCSL) - PFAS
Council of State Governments
- Michigan, Minnesota among states dealing with PFAS contamination
- Michigan, Minnesota among states dealing with PFAS contamination
- Great Lakes Legislative Caucus - info on Michigan's responses to PFOS/PFOA
Environmental Working Group (EWG) - PFAS Chemicals
Union of Concerned Scientists, Inc. - PFAS Search Results
NSF International - PFOA/PFOS in Drinking Wate
Mid-Atlantic Biosolids Association
North East Biosolids & Residuals Association - PFAS in Biosolids and Residuals
Citizens for Safe Water Around Badger - PFAS Community Library
Universites
Industry
Environmental Information
Assessment and Sampling:
ITRC Fact Sheet: Site Characterization Considerations, Sampling Precautions, and Laboratory Analytical Methods for PFAS. Describes methods for evaluating PFAS in the environment.
EPA Technical Brief: PFAS Methods and guidance for sampling and analyzing water and other environmental media. Summarizes EPA's efforts to develop validated robust analytical methods for groundwater, surface water, wastewater, and solids, including soils, sediments, and biosolids.
DoD Guidance: Bottle Selection and other Sampling Considerations When Sampling for PFAS. This guidance applies to any sample taken for the analysis of PFAS and is applicable to any liquid, soil, sediment, and tissue matrix.
Battelle - PFAS Sampling, Characterization and Analysis: A State-of-the-Industry Report. Includes information on sampling analysis, analytical methods, site characterization.
Massachusetts DEP: Fact Sheet Interim Guidance on Sampling and Analysis for PFAS at Disposal Sites Regulated under the Massachusetts Contingency Plan, June 19, 2018. Provides guidance regarding when and how to sample and analyze for PFAS at disposal sites regulated under the Massachusetts Contingency Plan (MCP). MassDEP recommends a specific list of target PFAS analytes and discusses appropriate quantitative and qualitative risk characterization approaches. The Fact Sheet also summarizes physical and chemical properties, potential environmental health effects, and current state and federal standards and guidelines for PFAS compounds.
Treatment and Cleanup:
ITRC Fact Sheet: Remediation Technologies and Methods for PFAS. Provides an overview of remedial technologies and methods for treatment of solids (for instance, soil or sediment) and liquids (for instance, groundwater, leachate, or surface water); describes processes for the treatment of PFAS that are now in use or are under development; and describes the challenges and limitations for each treatment technology.
EPA CLU-IN: PFAS Remediation Technologies. Provides an overview of remediation technologies that have been used or are being evaluated to treat PFAS-contaminated media. Most of the available information concerns the treatment of drinking water, wastewater, and groundwater; treatment of soils and sediments has received less attention.
SERDP-ESTCP: Search results for several remediation research projects and fact sheets by DoD's Environmental Research Programs.
NAVFAC: Treatment Technologies for PFAS Site Management. Presentation with a summary of available remediation technologies.
National Ground Water Association: Groundwater and PFAS: State of Knowledge and Practice ($). Section 8 includes information on Remediation and Treatment.
Michigan PFAS Science Advisory Panel: Scientific Evidence and Recommendation for Managing PFAS Contamination in Michigan. In November 2017, after finding PFAS in several locations in Michigan, Governor Rick Snyder issued an Executive Directive that established the Michigan PFAS Action Response Team (MPART). The purpose of MPART is to ensure a comprehensive, cohesive and timely response to the continued mitigation of PFAS across Michigan.
Ross I, McDonough J, Miles J, et al. A review of emerging technologies for remediation of PFASs. Remediation. 2018;28:101-126. https://doi.org/10.1002/rem.21553
Darlington, R., Ed Barth, AND J. McKernan. The Challenges of PFAS Remediation. The Military Engineer. Society of American Military Engineers, Alexandria, VA, 110(712):58-60, (2018). This article is the result of a collaborative effort between Battelle and the U.S. EPA to review of the most promising technologies.
Guidance, Fact Sheets, and Research Studies
Municipal landfill leachates: A significant source for New and Emerging Pollutants
Science of the Total Environment 408(21):5147-5157 (2010).
Qualitative and quantitative data are reported on the occurrence of new and emerging compounds with increasing environmental and public health concern in water and particle phase of landfill leachates.
Review of the Fate and Transformation of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) in Landfills
Environmental Pollution 235 (2018) 74-84 (2017).
A critical review of existing publications is presented i) to summarize the occurrence of various classes of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) and their sources in landfills
Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Landfill Leachate: Patterns, Time Trends, and Sources
Environmental Science & Technology 46(21):11532-11540 (2012).
Data from concentrations and isomer profiles for 24 PFASs monitored over 5 months in municipal landfill leachate were used to assess the role of perfluoroalkyl acid (PFAA) precursor degradation on changes in PFAA concentrations over time.
National Estimate of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substance (PFAS) Release to U.S. Municipal Landfill Leachate
Environmental Science & Technology (Web publication 20 Jan 2017)
In a survey of U.S. landfills of varying climates and waste ages, researchers measured concentrations of 70 PFASs in 95 samples of leachate. National release of PFASs was estimated by coupling measured concentrations for 19 PFASs (for which more than 50% of samples had quantifiable concentrations) with climate-specific estimates of annual leachate volumes.
Distribution and Fate of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants in Economically Developed Areas of China
Environmental Pollution 176:10-17(2013).
Researchers examined the effluent from 28 wastewater treatment plants in 11 industrial Chinese cities for PFASs.
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in source and treated drinking waters of the United States
Science of the Total Environment 653, 359–369 (2019).
This paper is part of a series of papers describing a comprehensive study of the presence, concentrations, and persistence associated with chemical and microbial contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) including per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in source and treated drinking waters of the United States.
Application of WWTP Biosolids and Resulting Perfluorinated and Resulting Perfluorinated Compound Contamination of Surface and Well Water in Decatur, Alabama, USA
Environmental Science & Technology 45:8015-8021 (2011).
PFC-contaminated biosolids from a local municipal wastewater treatment facility that had received waste from local fluorochemical facilities were used as a soil amendment in local agricultural fields for as many as 12 years. Ten target PFCs were measured in surface and groundwater samples.
Occurrence and Fate of Perfluorochemicals in Soil Following the Land Application of Municipal Biosolids
Environmental Science & Technology 45(19):8106-8112 (2011).
Researchers investigated the occurrence and fate of PFCs from land-applied municipal biosolids by evaluating the levels, mass balance, desorption, and transport of PFCs in soils receiving application of municipal biosolids at various loading rates.
Detection of Poly- and Perfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) in U.S. Drinking Water Linked to Industrial Sites, Military Fire Training Areas, and Wastewater Treatment Plants
Environmental Science & Technology Letters 3(10):344-350 (2016).
A spatial analysis of 2013-2015 national drinking water PFAS concentrations is presented from U.S. EPA's third Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule program.
Synthesis Paper on Per- and Polyfluorinated Chemicals (PFCS)
Synthesis paper on per- and polyfluorinated chemicals (PFCs), Environment, Health and Safety, Environment Directorate, OECD (2013).
Document provides an overview of the current understanding of PFASs, particularly long-chain PFASs, regarding their major historical and current uses, scientific information about their relevance for human health and the environment (sources to the environment, human exposure, environmental fate and potential adverse effects on humans), alternatives and regulatory approaches.
Perfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) Contamination Status Report
PFAS Contamination Status Report
The Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC) has investigated numerous sources of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) using a strategic sampling strategy that is updated and adapted based on the latest scientific research. This report provides an overview of the findings of this work and provides a look into additional work needed in the future.
Crown Vantage Property (Landfill for Paper Mill), Parchment, Kalamazoo County, Michigan
Updated: February 14, 2019
The Crown Vantage Property encompasses a former Type II and III landfill historically utilized for disposal of papermaking waste, a historic wastewater treatment plant, former settling lagoons, and the former mill property. The property is suspected of being a source for PFAS that was detected in the City of Parchment’s municipal water system and nearby residential water wells.
Determination of fluorotelomer alcohols in selected consumer Products and Preliminary Investigation of Their Fate in the Indoor Environment
Chemosphere 129:81-86 (2015).
Scientists determined the concentrations of perfluorotelomer alcohols (FTOHs), which are precursors to PFCAs, in 54 consumer products collected from the U.S. open market in the years 2011 and 2013. The products included carpet, commercial carpet-care liquids, household carpet/fabric-care liquids, treated apparel, treated home textiles, treated non-woven medical garments, floor waxes, food-contact paper, membranes for apparel, and thread-sealant tapes.
Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Consumer Products
Environmental Science and Pollution Research International 22(19):14546-14559 (2015).
Perfluoroalkyl sulfonic acids (C4, C6-C8, C10 PFSA), carboxylic acids (C4-C14 PFCA) and fluorotelomer alcohols (4:2, 6:2; 8:2, and 10:2 FTOH) were analyzed in consumer products, including textiles (outdoor materials), carpets, cleaning and impregnating agents, leather samples, baking and sandwich papers, paper baking forms, and ski waxes.
Guidance, Fact Sheets, Papers
Mauris rhoncus arcu efficitur, egestas odio non, pellentesque odio. Vestibulum sit amet dolor rutrum, varius elit sit amet, dictum sem. Donec sodales nunc lorem, in imperdiet felis fringilla vel. Mauris vitae enim lacinia, volutpat dui ornare, placerat ipsum. Orci varius natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. Integer volutpat nec diam vitae pharetra. Pellentesque sodales efficitur malesuada. Nullam venenatis libero ac ante accumsan vehicula. Praesent placerat finibus nibh, eget vestibulum sapien iaculis ut. Duis imperdiet sapien sit amet neque interdum, vitae fringilla mauris consequat. Vestibulum cursus erat purus, a dapibus mi pulvinar quis. Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas. Cras et nibh at neque luctus tristique eu eget mauris. Vivamus libero est, iaculis vitae est at, posuere molestie sapien.
In the News
Acronyms
This list is generated from ITRC's Website